91 research outputs found

    Studies on molecular epidemiological biomarkers in oro-pharyngeal tumors. Animal experiments and molecular epidemiological studies.

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    A szĂĄjĂŒregi (oro-faringeĂĄlis) rĂĄk pontos meghatĂĄrozĂĄsa a szakirodalomban is vitatott. SzĂĄjĂŒregi rĂĄkon a betegsĂ©gek nemzetközi osztĂĄlyozĂĄsa (BNO) szerint az ajak, a szĂĄjĂŒreg Ă©s a garat C00-C14 kĂłdszĂĄmokkal megjelölt (rosszindulatĂș) daganatait Ă©rtjĂŒk. Nem soroljĂĄk az oro-faringeĂĄlis daganatok közĂ© a tonzillĂĄk (C09), gĂ©ge (C32), orrĂŒreg (C30), sinusok (C31), valamint a nyĂĄlmirigyek (C07- C08) daganatait, amelyek a szĂĄj-garatĂŒregi (oro-faringeĂĄlis) daganatokkal egyĂŒtt a fej-nyaki daganatok csoportjĂĄt alkotjĂĄk. A oro-faringeĂĄlis daganatok kiemelt terĂŒletĂ©t kĂ©pzik az onkolĂłgiai kutatĂĄsoknak. Az aktualitĂĄst a daganatos megbetegedĂ©sek abszolĂșt Ă©rtĂ©kben is nagy szĂĄma, Ă©s az is igazolja, hogy arĂĄnyaiban is nƑ mind a fĂ©rfiak, mind a nƑk körĂ©ben. MagyarorszĂĄg eurĂłpai viszonylatban is vezetƑ helyen van a fej-nyaki daganatok okozta halĂĄlozĂĄsi statisztikĂĄkban (16/100000 lakos, 28/100000 ffi., 4,5/100000 nƑ halĂĄlozĂĄs), Ă©s az elmĂșlt Ă©vekben ez a tendencia nem vĂĄltozott. A magyarorszĂĄgi össz-daganatos halĂĄlozĂĄs 2004-ben 34456 fƑ volt (19500 ffi, 14956 nƑ). A szĂĄjĂŒregi daganatok szĂĄma 1975 Ă©s 1999 között 250%-kal nƑtt, az elmĂșlt nĂ©gy Ă©vben is Ășjabb 15% az emelkedĂ©s, valamint 2004-ben 1690 fƑs halĂĄlozĂĄst jelentettek (KSH). A Nemzeti RĂĄkregiszter szerint 2000 Ă©s 2005 között 18998 Ășj oro-faringeĂĄlis megbetegedĂ©st jelentettek MagyarorszĂĄgon. MagyarorszĂĄgon az erƑfeszĂ­tĂ©sek ellenĂ©re a helyzet nem javul. A gyakori kĂ©sƑi orvoshoz fordulĂĄs miatti megkĂ©sett felismerĂ©s korlĂĄtozza a hatĂ©kony beavatkozĂĄs esĂ©lyeit. Annak ellenĂ©re, hogy a fej-nyaki tumoros folyamatok java rĂ©sze laphĂĄmkarcinĂłma, szövettanilag jĂłl osztĂĄlyozhatĂł, kidolgozott sugĂĄr-, kemoterĂĄpiĂĄs Ă©s mƱtĂ©ttani protokoll ĂĄll rendelkezĂ©sre, a kezelĂ©sbe vett betegek tĂșlĂ©lĂ©se sem vĂĄltozott utĂłbbi Ă©vtizedek alatt (szĂĄjĂŒregi rĂĄkok esetĂ©n ez kevesebb, mint 50%). EzĂ©rt a leghatĂ©konyabbnak a kĂŒlönbözƑ prevenciĂłs szintek alkalmazĂĄsa lĂĄtszik, Ă­gy a primer prevenciĂł, ami a morbiditĂĄst Ă©s a következmĂ©nyes mortalitĂĄst is csökkenteni kĂ©pes. Olyan hatĂ©kony, Ășj molekulĂĄris epidemiolĂłgiai biomarkerek alkalmazĂĄsa tƱnik cĂ©lszerƱnek, amelyek a morfolĂłgiai diagnĂłzis elƑtt mĂĄr pozitĂ­vak lehetnek Ă©s Ă­gy a daganatkialakulĂĄs kockĂĄzatĂĄnak jelzĂ©sĂ©re alkalmasak. Ilyenek a kĂŒlönbözƑ kulcs onko/szuppresszor gĂ©nek expressziĂłjĂĄnak vĂĄltozĂĄsai is. A daganatok kialakulĂĄsa szĂŒksĂ©gszerƱen kiterjedt onko- Ă©s szuppresszor gĂ©nkaszkĂĄdot involvĂĄl, ezĂ©rt cĂ©lszerƱnek tƱnt a folyamatban rĂ©sztvevƑ egyes kulcsszerepet jĂĄtszĂł onko/szuppresszor gĂ©nek vizsgĂĄlata korai behatĂĄrolĂł biomarkerkĂ©nt a primer Ă©s a tercier prevenciĂłban. Az ĂĄltalunk kivĂĄlasztott hĂĄrom gĂ©n, a c-myc, a Ha-ras Ă©s a p53, kulcsgĂ©n volt.5

    XRD and EDS Investigations of Metal Matrix Composites and Syntactic Foams

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    Metal matrix composites (MMCs) of different composition were produced and investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analysis. Firstly unidirectionally reinforced MMCs were produced using two type carbon fibre reinforcement and commercial purity aluminium matrix. In MMCs the interface layer has significant effect on the mechanical properties of the composites therefore need to be correctly explored. The investigations showed chemical composition changes in the composites, especially at the interface layers. In the case of carbon fibre reinforced composites Al4C3 phase was formed. The amount of Al4C3 depended on the temperature and the time at temperature of the composite during production and on the quality of carbon fibres. As the second investigated MMC, SiC fibre reinforced aluminium matrix composite wires were produced by continuous pressure infiltration. In SiC reinforced MMC wires the effect of interface diffusion was observed. After long term thermal ageing at 300°C alumina was formed and Si and Ti of SiC fibres moved into the matrix. Finally, metal matrix syntactic foams were manufactured which are particle-reinforced composites, but also known as porous materials (foams), because they contain high amount of hollow ceramic microspheres. Four type hollow spheres from different suppliers with different chemical composition and mean diameters were used. In syntactic foams an exchange reaction took place between the aluminium alloy matrix and the Si content of ceramic inclusions. The reaction resulted in significant alumina formation

    Manufacturing of Composites by Pressure Infiltration, Structure and Mechanical Properties

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    This paper presents the possibility of composite block production by using pressure infiltration technology. This method uses the pressure of an inert gas (usually argon or nitrogen) to force the melted matrix material to infiltrate the reinforcing elements. Two types of materials were considered: metal matrix syntactic foam and carbon fibre reinforced metal matrix composite. Physical and mechanical investigations – such as optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractography (XRD), tensile and upsetting tests (considering aspect ratio) – were performed. The results of measurements are summarized briefly here. Microscopic investigations showed almost perfect infiltration. XRD measurements and tensile tests revealed negative effect of an intermetallic phase (Al(4)C(3)) on ultimate tensile strength (UTS). Syntactic foams showed plateau region in their upsetting diagrams. The effect of aspect ratio was also investigated. Specimens with higher aspect ratios showed higher peak stress and higher modulus of elasticity. In the case of carbon fibre reinforced metal matrix composites Al(4)C(3) ensured high compressive fracture strength

    Composite production by pressure infiltration

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    This paper presents the possibility of composite block production by using pressure infiltration technology. This method uses the pressure of an inert gas (usually argon or nitrogen) to force the melted matrix material to infiltrate the reinforcing elements. Three types of materials were considered: open cell metallic foam, metal matrix syntactic foam and carbon fiber reinforced metal matrix composite. Physical and mechanical investigations – such as SEM and compression tests – were performed. The results of measurements were summarized briefly

    The processing and testing of aluminium matrix composite wires, double composites and block composites

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    The Composite Processing and Testing Laboratory operated for about 15 years in USA. After that, in 2004- 2005, it moved from Boston to the Budapest University of Technology and Economics One of the main results from research and development projects is that of aluminium matrix composite wires produced via continuous processing. The composite wires have experimental applications for the electrically conductive reinforcement of high voltage electric cables, for example. Ceramic continuous-fibre-reinforced MMC-wires were produced with diameters ranging from 0.1 to 2.5 mm and a fibre volume fraction of up to 60% v/o. Thanks to the high efficiency of the continuous process, interface relations are notably reduced, and this increases mechanical properties. The other principal result is one pointing to carbon fibre-reinforced block composites processed by a combination of vacuum and high-pressure infiltration. The result of these processes is fibre-reinforced aluminium matrix composite blocks. Production methods, composite wire reinforced double composites and the results of the material tests of these products are revealed. Various matrixes were made use of in the production of double composites so as to monitor the changes in the interface relations. Alongside the conventional mechanical testing methods, mechanical properties can be characterized by use of an instrumented impact test, while the solidification structure and interfacial properties can have a SEMEDS and thermoelectric measurement (Seebeck-coefficient)

    Global, depth sensing and dynamic hardness of metal matrix syntactic foams

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    This paper deals with the hardness testing of metal matrix syntactic foams (MMSFs). The hardness of the foams was characterized by three different hardness testing methods: global (or Brinell-like) hardness, depth sensing hardness and dynamic hardness were measured. Although the matrices had significant global hardness difference; the global hardness of the foams was almost the same regardless of the type of the matrix. Therefore, the global hardness of the MMSFs is structural property. The depth sensing hardness tests showed great sensitivity to the deformation capability of the matrices and to the presence of a possible change reaction between the reinforcement and the matrices. The dynamic hardness values of the MMSFs were higher than the dynamic hardness of the matrices. The original hardness difference between matrices decreased by microballoon incorporation

    Influence of the infiltration pressure on the properties of MMC wires

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    MMC wires are ceramic fibre reinforced metal matrix composites produced by continuous infiltration method (Blucher process). During the MMC (Metal Matrix Composite) wire production it is possible to change the applied infiltration pressure which overcomes the poor wetting behaviours between the ceramic reinforcement and the molten metal. The changing of infiltration pressure has influence on the mechanical properties by the porosity of MMC wires

    VizsgĂĄlatok a harmonikus Ă©s klasszikus analĂ­zisben II. = Investigations in the harmonic and classical analysis II.

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    FOURIER-ANALÍZIS: Lebesgue integrĂĄlhatĂł fĂŒggvĂ©ny Fourier integrĂĄlja majdnem mindenĂŒtt statisztikusan konvergens az adott fĂŒggvĂ©nyhez. TetszĂ”leges Lebesgue integrĂĄlhatĂł fĂŒggvĂ©nyre alkalmazott FejĂ©r operĂĄtor akkor Ă©s csak akkor L1L^1-beli, ha az adott fĂŒggvĂ©ny a valĂłs H1H^1 Hardy tĂ©rbeli. A maximĂĄl kongugĂĄlt Ă©s Hilbert operĂĄtorok nem korlĂĄtosak a valĂłs H1H^1 Hardy tĂ©rbĂ”l az L1L^1 tĂ©rbe. R.P. Boas több tĂ©telĂ©nek, amelyek nemnegatĂ­v egyĂŒtthatĂłjĂș, abszolĂșt konvergens szinusz Ă©s koszinusz soroknak Ă©s klasszikus fĂŒggvĂ©nyosztĂĄlyoknak a kapcsolatĂĄra vonatkoznak, ĂĄltalĂĄnosĂ­tĂĄsa tetszĂ”leges abszolĂșt konvergens Fourier sorokra. FUNKCIONÁLANALÍZIS: Beppo Levi klasszikus monoton konvergencia tĂ©tele nem Ă©rvĂ©nyes nemkommutatĂ­v L2L^2-terekben. APPROXIMÁCIÓELMÉLET: L. Leindler tĂ©telĂ©nek, amely az ĂĄltalĂĄnosĂ­tott Ωα\Omega_\alpha Zygmund fĂŒggvĂ©nyosztĂĄlyoknak Ă©s a Fourier sorokkal törtĂ©nĂ” erĂ”s approximĂĄciĂłnak a kapcsolatĂĄra vonatkozik, kiterjesztĂ©se α=1\alpha=1-rĂ”l 0<α<20<\alpha<2-re. SZUMMÁLHATÓSÁG: J. Karamata elegendĂ” Tauber feltĂ©telĂ©nek Ă©lesĂ­tĂ©se szĂŒksĂ©ges Ă©s elegendĂ” Tauber feltĂ©tellĂ©. I. J. Schoenberg Tauber tĂ©telĂ©nek kiterjesztĂ©se szĂĄmsorozatokrĂłl mĂ©rhetĂ” fĂŒggvĂ©nyek sorozataira

    Deriving Compact Test Suites for Telecommunication Software Using Distance Metrics

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    This paper proposes a string edit distance based test selection method to generate compact test sets for telecommunications software. Following the results of previous research, a trace in a test set is considered to be redundant if its edit distance from others is less than a given parameter. The algorithm first determines the minimum cardinality of the target test set in accordance with the provided parameter, then it selects the test set with the highest sum of internal edit distances. The selection problem is reduced to an assignment problem in bipartite graphs
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